RE: [Cz-L] World War One in Bukowina

 
Dear Mimi, Charles,Hardy and Marc,
Thank you for your comments and great stories!

 To Marc: Gussie was a wonderful woman and...she was right about Europe.
To Charles , I'm interested about how the Wagner -children lived during the
war.

You are right Hardy, I believe my mother , the child, asked the Russian AND
the Austrian soldiers "are you coming or leaving?" This "hin-und-her" (
coming - going) was her strongest impression this war left .

I believe that we read the same sources , mainly ,The Hugo Gold History
which is available in English at:
http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/Bukowinabook/bukowina.html

To summarize the events I'll write it this way:
 *August 4 , 1914 - general mobilization to the Austrian-Hungarian Army.

* September 2, 1914 - Oktober,10, 1914 - first Russian occupation of
Czernowitz.5 weeks ( About 3000-5000 people manage to flee before Sept,2 .
So did the leaders of the Jewish Community. The mayor Weisselberger stayed
and behaved with great courage . On their retreat the Russians took him and
Meier Ebner and Ph.Menczel with them and deported them to Siberia.)

Here is a citation from Prof Sternberg's article:

"In their time of greatest spiritual need, the Czernowitz Jews were without
political leaders. Dr. Straucher thinking of his safety had fled as had his
deputy, Dr. Adolf Leiter and the majority of the Community Council. The
community had become an orphan. Then the brave master carpenter, Jeremia
Sikofand stepped into the breach and together with other courageous Jews,
managed the community institutions."

This is very interesting for me, because Jeremia Sikofand the
Tischlermeister was the father of my uncle Willi Hoffer. I wonder: what
were the good deeds of Jeremia Sikofand? Can you understand?

* October 10,1914 -November 26,1914 - Austrians back - during this 6 weeks
more people fled the town and Bukovina, most of them to Vienna. Many young
men were drafted to the army.

* Nov.26 ,1914 -February, 17, 1915 -second conquest, Russians back , for 3
month

* February ,1915 - June,18, 1916 - Austrian rule in the city. The frontline
remains all this time very near, for 16 month
Mid-June ,in the eve of the big Brussilow -offensive there was, I
understand, the biggest stream of refugees from Cz. and North-Bukowina to
Hungary, and further to the West.
My father with 3 brothers and their parents started a long and difficult
journey to arrive finally in Bohemia. 4 older brothers were already fighting
on various fronts.

* June, 18, 1916 - August, 2, 1917 - third Russian occupation, for almost 14
month.

I'm still asking : How was the daily life in Cz.all those years. How many
people stayed? My mother's parents with 5 children stayed ( the oldest son
was in the army, the oldest daughter stayed in Vienna) . I have never heard
talking about a famine.
Mother said they were poor, but it was always enough food for the children.

Certain sources tell that only a few Jewish families remained, others say
10%.

Regards,
Irene

-----Original Message-----
From: bounce-7097789-3499296_at_list.cornell.edu
[mailto:bounce-7097789-3499296_at_list.cornell.edu] On Behalf Of Miriam Taylor
Sent: Monday, October 18, 2010 4:50 AM
To: Charles Rosner; Czernowitz Genealogy and History
Subject: Re: [Cz-L] World War One in Bukowina

Hi Charles,

I think that you are right about Jews from the surrounding areas moving to
Czernowitz. I too, had relatives who moved from Wiznitz to Czernowitz, but
this population movement increased in the late twenties and early thirties,
because the farms of the older generation were not large enough to be shared
by all the sons in a family and because the younger generation preferred to
live in Czernowitz.

At the same time, many Czernowitz Jews left for America, because they wanted
to improve their economic situation and others left for Vienna, Prague,
England and France, in order to have the opportunity to study, which they
were often denied under Romanian rule.

The birth rate in Czernowitz before WW1 was quite high too.
My father was one of 8 children and my mother was one of four. My father
told me of Jewish neighbors in Manasteriska, who had 18 children.

Mimi

On 10/17/10 6:40 PM, "Charles Rosner" <frenchczern1_at_yahoo.com> wrote:

> Hi Mimi!
> I believe that the rapid increase in population of Cz after WW1 is not
> only due to the <immigration> of Jews from Ukraine, Russia, Rumania...
> Jews from the rest of Bukowina, who survived the war in a way or
> another, came to Cz and contributed to a large extent to this
> increase: 1)documents for the new Rumanian administration were to be
> delivered only in Cz, and 2) they hoped to be able to cope in a more
> friendly (Jewish) environment with this administration. Besides, in
> order to stay in Bukowina and get the Rumanian citizenship, they had
> to write a family history and prove that they were in Bukowina for
> many decades already. This process lastet for at least 2 years - the
> Wagner got the citizenship in 1920 only! Many were discouraged and
> decided to emigrate, because they couldn't get any original documents,
> etc. For example, the Rumanian confiscated the BMD registers in
> Wiznitz of the only Jewish population - I saw the code number of these
> registers, but they were not available, whereas those of other groups of
population were there...
> Regards,
> Charles

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Received on 2010-10-20 06:22:47