Shula...
Hardy is asking: "From where and why did they come?"
Well, here are some good reasons, excerpted from H. F. van Drunen's book "A Sanguine Bunch", available for free download at our Czernowitz Book Corner:
http://czernowitzbook.blogspot.de/2015/01/a-sanguine-bunch.html
"In 1781, Joseph II had allowed Jews to lease arable land on the condition that they were long-term residents. Purchase of that land was possible after a lease period of twenty years and after the applicant had been baptised. Initially, Jews were not allowed to own real estate in the cities. Family names were forcibly Germanised. In 1789, the Emperor issued the Jewish Arrangement Edict (Judenordnungspatent) for Galicia and Bukovina, which allowed Jews to choose their professions freely. From 1812 settling restriction for Jews in Bukovina were lifted as long as the Jewish settlers applied for formal permission with the authorities. In comparison to Russia and Galicia, Austrian Bukovina was an attractive destination: for artisans and tradespeople there was no competition to speak of, taxes and costs of living were significantly lower and Bukovinian Jews were exempt from compulsory military service. […] After the 1848, the last limitations to the freedom of movement for Jews were lifted. As a result, the Jewish share of the Bukovinian population grew from 3.8% (1850) to 11.8% (1880)." (p. 203-204) [...]
"Czernowitz had the highest proportion of Jews compared to other Austrian cities. Prior to the First World War, their number of almost 30,000 made up approximately 33% of the city’s residents. As such, it was it was the fourth-largest Jewish city in Austria after Vienna, Lemberg and Cracow. Czernowitz-born Israeli historian Zvi Javetz maintained that by 1918, Jews accounted for no less than 47% of Czernowitz. While Orthodox Jews resisted Germanisation and modernisation policies, the beneficial conditions in Bukovina attracted more and more Jewish hopefuls from outside the crownland. Czernowitz emancipated from a provincial backwater into a commercially and culturally bustling centre. Unlike West and Central European cities, it lacked a traditional Christian bourgeo is upper class. This void was filled by the Jews. Their integration into society is aptly illustrated by the fact that the first stone for the new Czernowitz synagogue was laid by Chief Rabbi Lazar Igel and the second by Orthodox Metropolitan Eugenie Hacman. Apart from two Jewish mayors, the city’s university also had several Jewish deans." (p. 208-209) [...]
Enjoy the reading!
Edgar Hauster
----------------------------------------
> From: hardy3_at_bezeqint.net
> To: shulaklinger_at_gmail.com; Czernowitz-L_at_cornell.edu
> Subject: [Cz-L] Brutmanns of Czernowitz. Or...?
> Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2015 07:57:20 +0200
>
> Yes Shula,
> From 1857 to 1910 the Jewish population of
> Czernowitz increased sixfold.
> From 4670 to 28613 .
> So if we speak of original Czernowitzer we
> better keep this in our mind.
> From where and why did they come ?
> This is also the reason Czernowitzer Jews
> cannot track too distant ancestry .
> Hardy
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Received on 2015-01-18 08:24:14